Spinal Vascular Malformations

Some people may not notice symptoms for many years, if at all. Others may experience symptoms that are debilitating or life-threatening.

Symptoms may start suddenly or slowly and can include:

• Problems walking or climbing stairs
• Numbness, tingling or sudden pain in the legs
• Weakness on one or both sides of the body

As the condition gets worse, symptoms may include:

• Sudden, severe back pain
• Lack of feeling in the legs
• Difficulty urinating or with bowel movements
• Headaches
• Stiff neck
• Sensitivity to light

The specific cause is not known. Most spinal vascular malformations are present at birth (congenital), but others may happen later in life. There are no known risk factors for the condition.

Spinal vascular malformations can be difficult to diagnose because the symptoms are similar to those of other spinal conditions. Doctors use MRIs to identify spinal vascular malformations. Spinal angiography (a test in which a tracer is injected to make the blood flow visible on an X-ray) may also be used to examine the structure of the malformation.

Treatment for spinal vascular malformations may involve a combination of approaches to improve symptoms and reduce the risk of possible complications. Treatment depends on the size, location and blood flow of your spinal vascular malformation, the results of your neurological exam, and your overall health.

Treatment aims to reduce the risk of bleeding and prevent the progression of disability and other symptoms. Surgery is usually needed to remove spinal vascular malformations from the surrounding tissue.

Postoperative care

• No lifting more than 5kg, no bending or twisting for six weeks
• No driving for two weeks
• Keep the wound dry for five days. You can get wet in the shower, but pat the area dry rather than rub.
• GP review postoperatively for wound review on day seven
• Monitor for any wound redness, discharge or fevers
• Monitor for new symptoms, including worsening back or neck pain, arm or leg pain, pins and needles or numbness
• Six-week review with Dr Shiva